The skeleton consists of a number of bones of different shape, which are involved with several discs in the formation of the skeleton of the body.
The number of bone-forming 206 the greatness of the human body vary in length, the mismatch of short-and long-established bone and cartilage in the form of the fetus before the birth of a time long.
And cartilage tissue strong, but Lin and remains a long time the fetus grows and shrinks any cartilage calcium salts deposited by the bone tissue becomes solid and the first bone in the body is reduced wishbone. The following is a list of the number of bones other than the 6 Majesties earpiece:
22 bone found in the skull.
1 hyoid bone.
51 bone found in the spine (the ribs and shear).
64 bone found in the arms of the hands.
62 reside in the bone legs and feet.
Installation of bones:
If you look at the long bone of the long bones, you'll find a component part of the long high-called shaft and rounded ends Tkonan head bone. And the surface of bone covered with a solid membrane called periosteum, contains a large number of small blood vessels earn pink, because the bone, like any tissue in the body must be fed with blood.
There are under the skin surrounding the bone, rind of solid bone-like Ivory grow thick in the middle of the bone. And bone within the spongy crust composition, and there is the red bone marrow in Vjuath. Most of this is located at the ends of the bone spongy bone.
It consists of millions of red blood balls per second in the bone marrow is red. Football and red blood nucleus within the bone, so they can divide and reproduce, thereby passing the ball red in several stages during their growth, and once to be in a valid state to join the other red balls that are in circulation, we believe that the nucleus disappear from the middle, and here we can see The ball is red blood can not divide it in circulation, or to reproduce, they may do so only in the bone marrow in the bones and the central part of bone is hollow, and contains a different type of bone, as is the greasy yellow, it serves as a store of fat in bone.
The vehicle, so that bone grows with the body, when the end of the body at both ends of the bones as follows Roisseha, there is a thin layer of tissue called cartilage layer growth. This allows the growth of body composition without affecting bone head at the same time head of the bone to grow without affecting the body. When Taatkls layer
Growth, bone growth stops.
Differs from the installation of the bones of the vertex explained what is called these bones, the bones of the skull protects the brain tissue inside. Fzam skull flat and curved and made up of a shared and split from the bone tissue between the two steel and spongy bone tissue.
In adults relate to the eight bones that are solid contact with the skull.
In children, the bones soft and loose contact, including six where there are openings called each Bagliak can see the two of them are low in the form of simple one in the head on the front and the other in the back of the head at the top.
Bone fractures:
Are often some of the bone fracture as a result of strikes, direct or indirect effects on bone, such as falls from heights, resulting from these fractures often ruptured internal organs, protected by those bones.
Joints:
Bones can not move on its own, where he will meet Azman consists of detailed and related to bone each other in different ways so that a solid body structure and is available to him at the same time the movement of a free and extensive.
In the other, as is the case in the facility and related to the knee bones together fluke hinge or two buttons, while others, such as articular Aharagafp related to bone and shoulder hinge ball Tjoivi In both types of joints, and joints that are Chbhama layer of thin membrane secrete a liquid allows the parties to the slide Alazemin each other over some smoothly and without friction.
Relate to some of the bones to each other a solid contact does not allow any movement as is the case in the bones of the skull, and it is called these joints Balthabtp or non-animated. Fallujah and the head, for example formed from twenty-two bone does not move, unless the lower jaw.
Job skeleton:
Be the primary axis of the body.
Earns the body shape and texture.
Protection of the viscera and the different members.
Relate Bazamh voluntary muscles of the body.
Bones contain red bone marrow in which it is composed and mature blood cells of different.
Is the source of calcium salts in the body.
Types of bones:
The bone is divided as to form several types:
Longitudinal bone: such as ulna bone.
Short bones: such as the bones of the wrists.
The bones of irregular shape: such as the bones of the paragraphs.
Flat bones: such as a bone to the shoulder plate.
Sections of the skeleton:
The skeleton can be divided into Dzin are:
The axial skeleton: It consists of the skull and spine and rib cage and pelvis.
Skeletal Terminal: It consists of the skeleton of the upper side and also the lower end.
Spine:
The spinal column consists of 24 paragraphs, in addition to moving the coccyx bone deficit, and can be divided spine to the key areas are:
Cervical region: It consists of 7 vertebrae.
Thoracic region: It consists of 12 paragraphs.
The lumbar area: It consists of 5 paragraphs.
Sacral region: with 5 paragraphs of conjunctivitis.
Coccyx: It consists of 3 or 4 paragraphs of conjunctivitis.
General features of the spine:
Paragraphs relate to each other by numerous ligaments, and the separation of their bodies by disks of fibrous cartilage.
The spine contains the channel, which has the vertebrate spinal cord and spinal nerves and Ogsheth at the beginning.
Located on each side of the spine known holes small holes between the vertebrae of the spinal nerves pass from inside to outside the vertebral canal, and every hole is bounded from above and below the arc Angha two consecutive paragraphs of the nervous system, and forward the hard fibrous cartilage, and objects in paragraphs its neighbors, but from the rear Faihdh Jags articulated to those two paragraphs and at the emergence of any part of the parts surrounding the hole occurs pressure on the sciatic nerve passing through it as is the case in cases of slipped disc.
The cervical spine:
Cervical spine are the seven paragraphs of the upper or first of the spine.
The thoracic spine:
The number of the thoracic spine is the middle paragraph 12 of the spine. Most of the thoracic spine related to involvement with all related involvement rib cage.
The lumbar spine:
Lumbar spine are the five paragraphs that follow the thoracic spine, which also paragraphs above the conjunctiva of disability and the coccyx.
The most important characteristic of the lumbar spine for the rest of the paragraphs are of a relatively wide body, the channel of vertebrate take the form of a triangle approx.
Disability:
Is that part of the spine, which is located between the lumbar spine and the coccyx, which consists of 5 paragraphs of the conjunctiva to be a kind of greatness one.
Coccyx:
The coccyx or tail bone is composed of 3 to 5 Majesties welded together.
Skeleton of Released:
It consists of the skeleton was of the following:
Sternum.
Ribs: Gdharifaa Twelve pairs of ribs.
Paragraphs dorsal.
It is the most important functions of the skeleton was issued to protect the internal organs are located in the chest, such as the heart and lungs of external factors.
Sternum:
It consists of three parts:
By shear and body cut and extrusion Khanjari a disc.
Eetmvsal and sternum on each side with the clavicle bone, cartilage seven upper ribs of the first with a hand cut and second cut, at the corner of the seventh when connected to the body Balintoe Khanjari As the old Jag Khanjari magnified.
Shear angle:
Is the angle between the level of hand cut and his body and found in the rib cartilage against which the second and can sense through the skin Kproz browser.
Most important relationships Sternum:
There arc behind by cutting the aorta and large arteries that arise from it and who is not a vein left and the name of the trachea and esophagus is located behind the body of storytelling Alnamur and heart.
It contains the sternum during the life of the bone marrow
Involvement:
The 12 pairs of which 7 are real and 5 pairs of false information.
Real involvement:
Of the seven pairs on each hand, and articulates with the back of the spine and in the front with the sternum by cartilage Aldilaip side consists of the real head and neck and hump and body.
False ribs:
And number five pairs do not articulate with a cut and divided into two types:
1 related to the involvement of false and number three pairs, each with the cartilage costal cartilage Aldilai related to the preceding.
2 involved floating false or irrelevant to the issue which is a couple for the couple of involvement of any two numbers 11 and 12 and has a small background discs in bulk.
Skeleton of the basin:
Development of the basin in the body:
During the stand be placed in the body tilted pelvis so that it works the level of the entrance to the basin level with the horizontal angle of 60 degrees.
Function Basin:
Weight-bearing and distributed to the lower limbs is the birth canal in women, and keeping Kalmthanp intestines and rectum and some genital mutilation.
The difference between the basin of men and women:
The bones of women lighter weight and place muscle connection is less clear than in men.
The woman's pelvis wider and shorter than men and basin Sharm sciatic large and small, wider and shallower in women than in men.
Moving fork Aharagafip and Camber Aharagafip abroad in women and to men in the home.
Ani angle of curvature of 90 degrees in women and less so in men.
Entrance to the basin round or oval in women and heart shape in men.
Skeletal Terminal:
Skeleton of the upper side:
Shoulder girdle consists of the clavicle and the scapula.
Skeleton of the arm consists of the humerus and forearm.
Skeletal hand.
Clavicle:
One of the long bones located in the body in a browser, we can see the bottom of the neck much of it beneath the surface of the skin, and have two parties, and the other one forget the brutal. Medial any party near the halfway line and round Eetmvsal with the sternum at the sternoclavicular joint and party brutal run on any half-way line with a broad, flattened Eetmvsal extrusion Alodharusi the magnitude of the scapula.
Most important functions of the clavicle:
Movement of the arm to the weight of the axial skeleton in Rabat ghurabi If broken clavicle at the sternoclavicular joint on the main arm of this bond fell to the side of the body. Relate to the muscles also makes the movement of the arm free.
Most important relationships clavicle:
Passes behind the medial part is Alsfirp brachial blood vessels under the collar behind the sternoclavicular joint detailed Alvsi artery is of no name on the right side and the vegetable year artery on the left and to the brutality of each facial vein no relief.
Magnitude of the board:
Is the flat triangular bone which is located on the rear surface of the skeleton came from the seventh rib and has Stahan and three letters and three corners and three protrusions.
Surfaces:
Front surface: moving forward and is based on the ribs.
Rear surface: going back Lübbe fork.
Characters:
Character is the top short, sharp Lübbe Sharm small.
Character Ansi, almost vertical and extends from the upper to the lower medial humanism.
Brutal character, a thicker letters.
Angles:
Upper-medial It is based on the second rib.
The bottom and rests on the seventh rib
The upper surface of the brutal and it is known as articular pit Burgundy status of articulation with the humerus head to form the shoulder joint
Jags:
Jag ghurabi a short and thick, arises from the character and the upper fork of the scapula bone.
Jag Alodharusi.
Humerus:
Is one of the long bones found in the upper arm with the upper portion and the body and lower limb upper limb of the head and hump big and small head and less than half a circle and by the articular surface for articulation with the hole Burgundy status to form the shoulder joint and the head body at the bottleneck known anatomical neck.
The Party are located on the lower pulley and by the medial articular surface for articulation with the ulna and there is a bit round around the cruelty and hand it to the articular surface of articulation with the head of radius.
السبت يناير 19, 2013 11:41 am من طرف نجمة فلسطين
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